What Are the Three Main Labour Laws in South Africa?

By | July 30, 2025

South Africa has strong labour laws to protect workers’ rights and promote fair working conditions. Here are the three most important labour laws every employee and employer should know:


1. Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA)

The BCEA sets the minimum standards for all workplaces in South Africa.
It covers things like:

  • Working hours and overtime
  • Leave (annual, sick, family responsibility, etc.)
  • Meal breaks and rest periods
  • Termination rules and notice periods
  • Employment contracts

Key point: Every employee must receive a written contract within 6 months of starting a job.


2. Labour Relations Act (LRA)

This law focuses on promoting fairness and cooperation between employers and workers.
It gives employees the right to:

  • Join and form trade unions
  • Take part in collective bargaining
  • Go on legal (protected) strikes
  • Resolve disputes through the CCMA (Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration)

Key point: The CCMA is a free service to help solve workplace disputes fairly and quickly.


3. Employment Equity Act (EEA)

The EEA aims to promote equality and diversity in the workplace.
It:

  • Bans unfair discrimination based on race, gender, religion, disability, and more
  • Requires employers to take affirmative action to help previously disadvantaged groups
  • Forces certain businesses to submit Employment Equity Reports

Key point: Employers must take steps to create a fair and inclusive workplace for everyone.


Other Important Labour Laws

South Africa also has additional laws that support worker rights, including:

  • Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) – for workplace safety
  • Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (COIDA) – for work-related injuries or illnesses

Final Thoughts

These labour laws form the foundation of fair work practices in South Africa. Whether you’re a worker or an employer, it’s important to understand your rights and responsibilities. If you’re unsure about anything, you can contact the Department of Employment and Labour or speak to a legal expert.