The National Football League (NFL) is undoubtedly one of the most popular and influential professional sports leagues in the world, captivating audiences with its thrilling matches and larger-than-life athletes. While the NFL is predominantly an American institution, its reach extends beyond borders, with a significant fan base in Canada. Interestingly, Canada also holds a special place in NFL history, as it is home to three of the league’s oldest teams.
1. Arizona Cardinals (1898)
The Arizona Cardinals, currently residing in Glendale, Arizona, are the oldest continuously run professional football team in the United States. Their roots can be traced back to 1898 when they were established as the Morgan Athletic Club in Morgan, Illinois. The team adopted the name “Cardinals” in 1899, inspired by their cardinal red jerseys. Over the years, the Cardinals have experienced numerous relocations, including a stint in Chicago and St. Louis, before finally settling in Arizona in 1988. Despite their nomadic history, the Cardinals remain a proud and storied franchise, boasting four NFL championships and numerous Hall of Fame players.
2. Chicago Bears (1898)
The Chicago Bears, hailing from the Windy City, share the title of oldest NFL team with the Arizona Cardinals. Their origins can be found in Decatur, Illinois, where they were founded as the Decatur Staleys in 1898. The team’s name reflected its sponsorship by the Staley Starch Company. In 1920, the Staleys relocated to Chicago and officially joined the NFL. The Bears have enjoyed considerable success throughout their history, securing nine NFL championships and producing iconic players like George Halas, Dick Butkus, and Walter Payton.
3. Green Bay Packers (1919)
The Green Bay Packers, situated in Green Bay, Wisconsin, are the oldest continuously run professional football team in the NFL that has never relocated. Founded in 1919, the Packers have remained a symbol of community pride and resilience, deeply rooted in the city’s fabric. Despite their small-market status, the Packers have achieved remarkable success, capturing 13 NFL championships, including four Super Bowl titles. The team’s unique ownership structure, with fans owning a majority of the shares, further endears them to their passionate supporters.
The presence of these three historic NFL teams in Canada underscores the sport’s profound impact across North America. Their enduring legacies have captivated generations of fans, solidifying their positions as pillars of professional football. As the NFL continues to evolve, these venerable franchises stand as testaments to the enduring power of sport to unite and inspire.
Overview of Public Universities in South Africa
Here's an overview of some public universities in South Africa, including general admissions requirements and estimated application periods. Keep in mind, specific program requirements and dates can vary significantly, so it's important to check each university's official website for the most current information.
University of Pretoria
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with minimum scores in specific subjects related to the chosen program; for international students, equivalent qualifications.
- Application Period: Usually opens in March and closes at the end of July for most programs.
University of Cape Town
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with pass levels required for degree study; subject-specific requirements depending on the program.
- Application Period: Application opens in April and closes at the end of July.
Stellenbosch University
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with required marks; some programs have additional testing.
- Application Period: Opens in March and typically closes at the end of June.
University of the Witwatersrand
- Admissions Requirements: Matriculation certificate with university exemption; required scores vary by faculty.
- Application Period: Begins in March and ends on the 30th of September.
University of Johannesburg
- Admissions Requirements: Matric exemption with a minimum APS score; specific subject requirements based on the faculty.
- Application Period: Opens in April and generally closes by the 30th of September.
University of the Free State
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with specific marks for the program applied to; additional requirements for certain courses.
- Application Period: Typically opens in April and closes at the end of August.
University of Venda
- Admissions Requirements: Completion of the National Senior Certificate with an endorsement for diploma or degree studies; specific APS scores needed.
- Application Period: Usually from May to September.
University of Fort Hare
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with university exemption; certain programs may have specific requirements.
- Application Period: Opens around May and closes at the end of September.
University of the Western Cape
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with specific performance levels; additional requirements for certain programs.
- Application Period: Generally from May to September.
North-West University
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with university exemption; program-specific requirements may apply.
- Application Period: Opens in March and usually closes by the end of August.
Rhodes University
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate or equivalent; minimum academic performance in certain subjects.
- Application Period: Applications open in April and close at the end of September.
Nelson Mandela University
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with required scores for chosen programs; portfolio or additional tests for some faculties.
- Application Period: Opens in April, with a deadline at the end of August for most programs.
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with specific scores; additional requirements for certain courses.
- Application Period: Opens in May and typically closes by the end of September.
University of Limpopo
- Admissions Requirements: Senior Certificate with endorsement for diploma or degree courses; specific APS scores for different programs.
- Application Period: From April to September.
University of Zululand
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with an endorsement for bachelor’s degree studies; specific score requirements for various programs.
- Application Period: Usually between April and November.
Central University of Technology
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with specific scores for the chosen field of study; additional criteria for certain programs.
- Application Period: Application period generally starts in May and ends in October.
Vaal University of Technology
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with a pass that qualifies for admission to bachelor’s degree, diploma, or higher certificate programs.
- Application Period: Typically from May to September.
Walter Sisulu University
- Admissions Requirements: National Senior Certificate with required scores for chosen programs; additional criteria for certain faculties.
- Application Period: From April to September.
This list provides a starting point for understanding the admissions landscape across South Africa's diverse higher education institutions. Given the variability in programs and requirements, it's crucial to consult each university's website for the most accurate and up-to-date information.